Browsing by Author "Weirauch, Christiane."
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Item Anatomy of disguise : camouflaging structures in nymphs of some Reduviidae (Heteroptera) ; American Museum novitates, no. 3542(New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History, 2006) Weirauch, Christiane.Immature stages of Reduvius personatus (Linnaeus) and some other Reduviidae are known to camouflage themselves with a range of materials found in their environment. Even though this behavior has been observed in several species, camouflaging structures have never been studied in a comparative way. This study documents for the first time the structure that is involved in the application of camouflaging material, i.e., the hind tarsal fan, and reveals structures that assure the fastening of the camouflaging material, i.e., anchor setae and trichomes, in eight species representing five subfamilies of Reduviidae. Whereas anchor setae assure the attachment of camouflaging material by their mechanical properties, short-projection trichomes, long-projection trichomes, and grouped trichomes are here proposed to secrete a sticky substance for this purpose. Primary homology hypotheses on the three types of trichomes are proposed. At least in some species, short-projection trichomes appear to be responsible for the fastening of the camouflaging layer close to the integument, whereas long-projection trichomes may hold the outer layer of camouflaging material in place.Item Description of the Australian plant bug genus Jiwarli, n. gen. (Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae). (American Museum novitates, no. 3653)(2009) Soto, Diane.; Weirauch, Christiane.A new genus and four new species of Phylini Carvalho, 1958, from Australia are described. Jiwarli, new genus, differs from other Phylini by the relatively large size and elongate ovoid shape, distinct coloration, and male genital characters. The four new species show a broad distribution in Australia and mostly occur on widespread plants. Jiwarli exmaculae, n. sp., was collected on the Asteraceae Chrysocephalum apiculatum, Jiwarli heliotropium, n. sp., on the Boraginaceae Heliotropium ammophilum, Jiwarli ptilotus, n. sp., on the Amaranthaceae Ptilotus obovatus, and Jiwarli solanum, n. sp., on the Solanaceae Solanum ellipticum, S. orbiculatum, and S. lasiophyllum.Item High resolution images for 'Taxonomic monograph of the endemic millipede assassin bug fauna of Madagascar (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Ectrichodiinae). (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 400)'(American Museum of Natural History., 2016-04-15) Forthman, Michael.; Chłond, Dominik.; Weirauch, Christiane.High resolution images for 'Taxonomic monograph of the endemic millipede assassin bug fauna of Madagascar (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Ectrichodiinae). (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 400)' - http://hdl.handle.net/2246/6647Item Myrtaceae-feeding Phylinae (Hemiptera, Miridae) from Australia : description and analysis of phylogenetic and host relationships for a monophyletic assemblage of three new genera. (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 344)(American Museum of Natural History., 2010) Schuh, Randall T.; Weirauch, Christiane.Three new genera and 25 new species of Myrtaceae-feeding Phylinae are described from Australia. A cladistic analysis of a broader cross section of Australian Phylinae indicates that these taxa all belong to a monophyletic group, on the basis of pretarsal and male genitalic structures. Line drawings are used to present information of male and female genitalic structures; scanning electron micrographs illustrate pretarsal, genitalic, and other morphology. Color digital habitus images are presented for the males and females of all species. Digital images from the field and of pressed specimens are presented for a broad cross section of host plants. The newly described taxa represent a portion of the species of Australian Phylinae known to feed on the Myrtaceae; the remaining Myrtaceae-feeding species belong to other lineages and are therefore excluded from this monograph. Twenty-three of the species are recorded only from southwestern Western Australia; two species are recorded from southeastern South Australia. All species breed on members of the subfamily Myrtoideae, tribes Chamelaucieae and Melaleuceae.Item New genera and species of Myrtaceae-feeding Phylinae from Australia, and the description of a new species of Restiophylus (Insecta, Heteroptera, Miridae). (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 424)(American Museum of Natural History., 2018-10-31) Schwartz, Michael D.; Weirauch, Christiane.; Schuh, Randall T.Six new genera of Australian Phylinae are described on the basis of existing collections. The tribe Exaeretini--represented by the two new genera Eucalyptophylus (two new species) and Melaleucaphylus (18 new species)--is recognized for the first time as occurring in Australia. Nine new taxa of Semiini, subtribe Exocarpocorina, are proposed: Four new genera, Calytriphylus, Melaleucacoris, Teddus (each monotypic), and Leptospermia (two new species), and four new species placed in Ancoraphylus Weirauch, 2007 (one species), Xiphoidellus Weirauch and Schuh, 2011 (one species), and Xiphoides Eyles and Schuh, 2003 (two species). Based on specimen data almost all the new taxa are associated with Myrtaceae plant hosts in the tribes Chamelaucieae, Eucalypteae, Leptospermeae, and Melaleuceae. A new species of Restiophylus Leon and Weirauch, 2016, taken in coastal New South Wales and perhaps associated with Leptocarpus tenax (Restionaceae), represents the first record for this genus beyond the southwest coast of Western Australia. Documentation is provided in the form of diagnoses and descriptions of all genera and species, color habitus images of males (and females when available) of all species, distributional maps, color images of male genitalic structures of all species, female genitalic structures in most species, and scanning electron micrographs of representative morphology of some taxa. Host-plant information is provided for most species, along with representative images of hosts and habitats. New distribution records for Xiphoidellus dumosus Weirauch and Schuh, 2011, and scanning micrographs of the pretarsus for Scholtzicoris linnavuorii Schuh, 2016 are provided.Item New genera and species of oak-associated Phylini (Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae) from western North America ; American Museum novitates, no. 3522(New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History, 2006) Weirauch, Christiane.Six new genera comprising ten new species and one new combination of Phylini are described from the western United States. The species are characterized by their orange and whitish coloration, and the host records that are available for all but one species show that they feed primarily on various species of oak (Quercus). Crassomiris, new genus, comprises two species from California and Oregon. The monotypic genera Phallospinophylus, new genus and Quercophylus, new genus, are described from California. The monotypic genus Pygovepres, new genus, is created for Psallus vaccinicola Knight, widespread from British Columbia throughout the western United States, south to California and Arizona. Rubellomiris, new genus, with three species, is so far restricted to California, and Rubeospineus, new genus, is composed of three species from California.Item New genera, new species, and new combinations in western Nearctic Phylini (Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae) ; American Museum novitates, no. 3521(New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History, 2006) Weirauch, Christiane.Six new genera and six new species of Phylinae are described from the western United States and Baja California, Mexico, and two new combinations are created. Most of the species are known to breed on oaks, Quercus spp. (Fagaceae). Galbinocoris caepa, new genus and species, is described from Arizona and Texas. Hamatophylus, new genus, is described to accommodate Plagiognathus guttulosus (Reuter), which breeds on several species of oaks, among them Quercus virginiana Mill. Insulaphylus, new genus, is restricted to the Channel Islands off the coast of southern California, and is described to accommodate Insulaphylus cruz, new species, from Santa Cruz Island and Insulaphylus meridianus, new species, from Santa Catalina and San Clemente Islands. Both species breed on Quercus spp. Maculamiris, new genus, is described with two species, Maculamiris baja, new species, from Baja California and southern California, and Maculamiris insulanus, new species, from the Channel Islands. Both species are associated with rosaceous plants. Quernocoris caliginosus, new genus and species, is described from mainland southern California and the Channel Islands where it breeds on a range of oak species. Vesperocoris, new genus, is described to accommodate the often oak-breeding Plagiognathus paddocki Knight from California.Item New genus and species of Physoderinae (Heteroptera, Reduviidae) from the New World, with a revised diagnosis of Physoderinae Miller. American Museum novitates ; no. 3510(New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History, 2006) Weirauch, Christiane.A new genus and species from Ecuador of Physoderinae (Heteroptera: Reduviidae), Leptophysoderes orellana n.gen., n.sp., are described. Leptophysoderes represents one of the two New World genera now known in this group of otherwise Pacific, Indopacific, and Madagascan Reduviidae. The initial diagnosis of Physoderinae was based on the Pacific and Indopacific genus Physoderes Westwood. This diagnosis was not adjusted after the subsequent inclusion of 11 genera from Madagascar and the Neotropical genus Cryptophysoderes Wygodzinsky and Maldonado in Physoderinae. The diagnosis is here modified to characterize a more inclusive Physoderinae, comprising Cryptophysoderes, Leptophysoderes, Physoderes, and the Madagascan genera.Item Revision and cladistic analysis of the Polyozus group of Australian Phylini (Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae) ; American Museum novitates, no. 3590(New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History, 2007) Weirauch, Christiane.Polyozus Eyles and Schuh, 2003 was described as a monotypic genus from New Zealand. Seven new Australian species are described and Orthotylus australianus (Carvalho, 1965) is transferred to Polyozus. Cladistic analysis of the nine species of Polyozus and seven additional, related species resulted in the hypothesis that Polyozus is a monophyletic group, with Ancoraphylus, n.gen., with four species, being its sister group. Another new genus, Exocarpocoris, n.gen., with three species, is the sister group of Ancoraphylus + Polyozus. The three species of Exocarpocoris live on the same host plant, the hemiparasite Exocarpos aphyllus (Santalaceae), and occur sympatrically over most of their distribution. Species of Ancoraphylus and Polyozus are mainly restricted to a variety of legumes, most often Acacia (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), but also Jacksonia (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae) and Senna (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae). Species of Polyozus are widely distributed in Australia. Polyozus galbanus Eyles and Schuh, 2003--originally described from New Zealand--also occurs in New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania and is here proposed to have been introduced to New Zealand from Australia along with its host plant.Item Revision of Aphelonotus Uhler (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Pachynomidae), with description of six new species and documentation of nymphal morphology for three species. (American Museum novitates, no. 3829)(American Museum of Natural History., 2015-04-08) Schuh, Randall T.; Weirauch, Christiane.; Grillo, Horacio.Aphelonotus Uhler is revised with the recognition of 14 species, six of them described as new: A, alvarengai, A. elongatus, A. minutus, A. paramedius, A. taino, and A. xenos. Aphelonotus brevirostris Carayon and Villiers is treated as a junior synonym of A. fraterculus Harris. Color habitus images and illustrations of the male parameres are provided for all species; morphology for the adult female of A. major is documented through the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Measurements of male and female specimens are presented and analyzed, documenting a strong correlation between total length and the length of the proximal portion of the antennal pedicel and the consequent utility of either of these measurements in species discrimination. Nymphs are described for the first time for the genus, for the species A. fraterculus, A. major, and A. xenos; their morphology is documented by SEM and color images. Distributional maps show a pattern of occurrence restricted primarily to the New World tropics, including Cuba, with a single species known from the Congo Basin and East Africa. All specimens were provided with unique specimen identifiers and their associated data are now available on the Internet.Item Taxonomic monograph of the endemic millipede assassin bug fauna of Madagascar (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Ectrichodiinae). (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 400)(American Museum of Natural History., 2016-04-15) Forthman, Michael.; Chłond, Dominik.; Weirauch, Christiane.Madagascar is one of the world's most recognized biodiversity hotspots and has a diverse assassin bug (Reduviidae) fauna that is still incompletely known, especially for the Ectrichodiinae, or millipede assassin bugs. Ectrichodiinae are a speciose (673 described species, 118 genera), worldwide group of assassin bugs that is most diverse in the Old and New World tropics, but so far only six genera and 10 species have been described from Madagascar. Based on examination of 1981 ectrichodiine specimens mostly from the California Academy of Sciences, as well as a few other collections, dramatic undescribed species-level diversity is revealed. The island's Ectrichodiinae fauna is taxonomically revised with the description of three new genera (Marojejycoris, Tanindrazanus, and Toliarus) and 63 new species: Gibbosella andasibe, Gibbosella betampona, Gibbosella brunalvus, Gibbosella conisimilis, Gibbosella fulva, Gibbosella mantella, Gibbosella megafrons, Gibbosella nitida, Gibbosella notoconica, Gibbosella pallidacorium, Gibbosella pallidalata, Gibbosella planiscutum, Gibbosella quadocris, Gibbosella vangocris, Glymmatophora (Glymmatophora) carolae, Marojejycoris auranticorium, Marojejycoris brevifrons, Marojejycoris francais, Marojejycoris notadichroa, Marojejycoris ranomafana, Tanindrazanus amboasaricus, Tanindrazanus andohahela, Tanindrazanus anjozorobeus, Tanindrazanus antananarivo, Tanindrazanus bemaraha, Tanindrazanus brunneus, Tanindrazanus hannajagodae, Tanindrazanus harinhali, Tanindrazanus irwini, Tanindrazanus joffrevillus, Tanindrazanus kathrynae, Tanindrazanus mahafaly, Tanindrazanus marginatus, Tanindrazanus marojejy, Tanindrazanus nigripes, Tanindrazanus notatus, Tanindrazanus simulans, Tanindrazanus tenebricus, Tanindrazanus varicolor, Tanindrazanus vohiparara, Toliarus karinae, Toliarus trichrous, Toxopus ambohitantely, Toxopus ampitavananima, Toxopus antsiranana, Toxopus basalis, Toxopus brucei, Toxopus farafangana, Toxopus fisheri, Toxopus griswoldi, Toxopus insignis, Toxopus italaviana, Toxopus melobrunneus, Toxopus miandritsara, Toxopus namoroka, Toxopus pallidus, Toxopus parkeri, Toxopus simulans, Toxopus steineri, Toxopus tibialis, Toxopus toamasina, Toxopus toliara, and Toxopus vazimba. Toxopus Bergroth, 1905, is redescribed, with the first description of males in the genus, and Cleptria signoretii Reuter, 1887, is transferred to Toxopus. Gibbosella Chłond, 2010, is also redescribed and includes description of males for the first time. Gibbosella elongata Chłond, 2010, Glymmatophora crassipes Horváth, 1914, and Maraenaspis bidens (Reuter), 1887, are redescribed, with the first description of males for each species. Habitus images, documentation of male and female genitalic features, identification keys, and distribution maps are provided. Males and females are associated based on morphology, geographic information, and, when available, molecular data. The newly discovered species diversity constitutes a sixfold increase over the previously documented millipede assassin bug fauna in Madagascar.