Fourteen new, endemic species of shrew (genus Crocidura) from Sulawesi reveal a spectacular island radiation (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 454)

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dc.contributor.authorEsselstyn, Jacob A.
dc.contributor.authorSetiawan Achmadi, Anang
dc.contributor.authorHandika, Heru
dc.contributor.authorSwanson, Mark T.
dc.contributor.authorGiarla, Thomas C.
dc.contributor.authorRowe, Kevin C.
dc.date.accessioned2021-12-16T17:11:47Z
dc.date.available2021-12-16T17:11:47Z
dc.date.issued2021-12-15
dc.description108 pages : illustrations (some color), maps ; 26 cm.en_US
dc.description.abstractAfter nearly a decade of field inventories in which we preserved voucher specimens of the small terrestrial mammals of Sulawesi, we combined qualitative and quantitative analyses of morphological traits with molecular phylogenetics to better understand the diversity of shrews (Soricidae: Crocidura) on the island. We examined the morphology of 1368 specimens and obtained extensive molecular data from many of them, including mitochondrial DNA sequences from 851 specimens, up to five nuclear exons from 657 specimens, and thousands of ultraconserved elements from 90 specimens. By iteratively testing species limits using distinct character datasets and appropriate taxon sampling, we found clear, mostly consistent evidence for the existence of 21 species of shrews on Sulawesi, only seven of which were previously recognized. We divide these 21 species into five morphogroups, provide emended diagnoses of the seven previously named species, and describe 14 new species. The Long-Tailed Group contains Crocidura caudipilosa, C. elongata, C. microelongata, new species, and C. quasielongata, new species; the Rhoditis Group contains C. rhoditis, C. pseudorhoditis, new species, C. australis, new species, and C. pallida, new species; the Small-Bodied Group contains C. lea, C. levicula, C. baletei, new species, C. mediocris, new species, C. parva, new species, and C. tenebrosa, new species; the Thick-Tailed Group contains C. brevicauda, new species and C. caudicrassa, new species; and the Ordinary Group contains C. musseri, C. nigripes, C. normalis, new species, C. ordinaria, new species, and C. solita, new species. Documenting these endemic species reveals a local radiation (20 of the 21 species are members of an endemic clade) in which elevational gradients played a prominent role in either promoting speciation, or at a minimum, fostering the cooccurrence of phenotypically similar species. As now understood, the species-level diversity of Crocidura on Sulawesi is nearly three times the known diversity of any other insular shrew fauna. This study highlights the fact that if we wish to understand the true extent of biodiversity on Earth, large-scale, vouchered organismal inventories followed up with thorough examinations of genetic, morphological, and geographic traits are sorely needed in montane tropical regions, even for purportedly well-studied groups such as mammals.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0003-0090
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2246/7289
dc.publisherAmerican Museum of Natural History.en_US
dc.relation
dc.relation.ispartofseriesBulletin of the American Museum of Natural History;no.454
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.5531/sd.sp.52
dc.subjectCrocidura microelongata.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura quasielongata.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura pseudorhoditis.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura australis.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura pallida.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura baletei.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura mediocris.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura parva.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura tenebrosa.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura brevicauda.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura caudicrassa.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura normalis.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura ordinaria.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura solita.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura -- Indonesia -- Sulawesi -- Classification.en_US
dc.subjectCrocidura -- Indonesia -- Sulawesi -- Morphology.en_US
dc.subjectShrews -- Variation -- Indonesia -- Sulawesi.en_US
dc.subjectSpecies diversity -- Indonesia -- Sulawesi.en_US
dc.titleFourteen new, endemic species of shrew (genus Crocidura) from Sulawesi reveal a spectacular island radiation (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 454)en_US

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