Browsing by Author "Soule, John D."
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Item The Ectoprocta (Bryozoa) of Scammon's Lagoon, Baja California, Mexico. American Museum novitates ; no. 2199(New York, N.Y. : American Museum of Natural History, 1964) Soule, Dorothy F.; Soule, John D.; Puritan (Schooner)"Thirty-seven species of Ectoprocta representing 17 families are reported in the present collection from Scammon's Lagoon, Baja California, the first bryozoan collection reported from this region. Seventeen of the species had not previously been recorded from the Pacific coast of Baja California. One new species, Schizoporella occidentalae, is described. One new genus is erected, Alismittina, for Smittia californiensis Robertson, 1908, which has been rediscovered on the Pacific coast after having been unreported for more than 50 years. (Smittia is preoccupied.) The generic description of Hippopodinella Barroso, 1924, is emended to include: occasional small avicularia on the frontal or around the aperture. These are present on the type species of Lepralia adpressa Busk, 1854, now Hippopodinella adpressa. Rhynchozoon tumulosum has been synonymized under Rhynchozoon rostratum, and Holoporella quadrispinosa has been placed in synonymy with Holoporella brunnea. Clarification of the status of Hippoporella gorgonensis and Aimulosia uvulifera is undertaken. The distributional pattern of the species represented in the collection indicates that 48.6 per cent are tropical in occurrence, 37.1 per cent are also found in warm temperate waters, and 14.3 per cent also occur in cool temperate waters. Since many of the species are found in more than one zone, these figures should not be interpreted as indicating species that are restricted specifically to each area. This pattern is closely comparable to that of the ectoprocts found between Cabo San Lucas and Magdalena Bay on the west coast of Baja California, rather than to the assemblages immediately adjacent to Scammon's Lagoon"--P. 50.Item Morphology and speciation of Hawaiian and eastern Pacific Smittinidae (Bryozoa, Ectoprocta). Bulletin of the AMNH ; v. 152, article 6(New York : [American Museum of Natural History], 1973) Soule, Dorothy F.; Soule, John D."Smittinidae (Bryozoa, Ectoprocta) from Hawaiian waters are compared with related species from the Galapagos Islands, Gulf of California, central and southern California in the eastern Pacific. Twenty-eight taxa are recognized, as follows: Hemismittoidea corallinea, new genus, new species; H. osburni, new species; Pleurocodonellina lahainae, new genus, new species; Smittoidea pacifica, new species; Smittina kukuiula, new species; one species of Codonellina and 22 species of Parasmittina, 15 of which are new. Scanning electron microscopy revealed many morphological and developmental details distinguishing the species and higher taxa. Distribution records in Hawaiian waters show isolation not only at the specific level from the Indo-Pacific and coastal eastern Pacific but also inter-island isolation due to unknown environmental factors"--P. 369.Item New species of Thalamoporella (Ectoprocta) from Hawaii, examined by scanning electron microscopy. American Museum novitates ; no. 2417(New York, N.Y. : American Museum of Natural History, 1970) Soule, John D.; Soule, Dorothy F.Item Results of the Puritan-American Museum of Natural History Expedition to Western Mexico. 13, Ascophoran Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) of the Gulf of California. American Museum novitates ; no. 2053(New York, N.Y. : American Museum of Natural History, 1961) Soule, John D.; Puritan-American Museum of Natural History Expedition to Western Mexico (1957)"In the Puritan collection of 75 species of ascophoran Bryozoa, four are described as new species. Twenty-six species are reported here for the first time from the Gulf of California, among which are three species that are also additions to the Panamic fauna. Of the 71 previously described species, 9 per cent are cosmopolitan, 46 per cent have been recovered in both temperate and tropical waters, 4 per cent were confined to warm temperate waters, and 41 per cent are presently known from only tropical waters. The bryozoan material in the Puritan collection was collected from the littoral zone, at depths ranging from intertidal to a maximum of 50 fathoms"--P. 62.Item Results of the Puritan-American Museum of Natural History Expedition to Western Mexico. 18, Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata (Ectoprocta), and Entoprocta of the Gulf of California. American Museum novitates ; no. 2144(New York, N.Y. : American Museum of Natural History, 1963) Soule, John D.; Puritan-American Museum of Natural History Expedition to Western Mexico (1957)"Tabulation (see table 1) of the bryozoans, Ectoprocta, and Entoprocta in the present collections reveals the numerical superiority of the suborder Cheilostomata, with 131 species. The Anasca Cheilostomata have 56 (Soule, 1959); the Ascophora Cheilostomata, 75 (Soule, 1961). The present report describes 15 species of the suborder Cyclostomata, 13 species of the suborder Ctenostomata, and one representative of the phylum Entoprocta. Thus the total number of species of bryozoans in the Puritan collection is 160. Further analysis of this Puritan collection reveals that there are 59 species reported from the Gulf of California for the first time. In addition, the Puritan collection adds 13 species to the Panamic faunal list, contains four species previously unknown to the waters of the eastern Pacific, and, lastly, adds nine new species, all in the suborder Cheilostomata, to the phylum. With the exception of the new species, all the bryozoans in the Puritan collection have been reported from faunal provinces other than the Panamic province. Additional collections and study will be needed to demonstrate instances of endemic species in the Gulf of California. At the completion of Osburn's study of the eastern Pacific bryozoans (1950-1953), 133 species were recorded from the Gulf of California. With the additional material provided by the Puritan-American Museum expedition, the bryozoan fauna of this region now numbers 200 species. In a recent paper (Soule, 1960), a brief account was given of the distribution and faunal affinities of the bryozoan fauna of both the Gulf of California and the Pacific coast of Baja California. It was based in part on Osburn's 1950-1953 monograph and in part on the study of the Puritan collection that was in progress at that time. This paper indicated, with regard to the bryozoans, that in its faunal affinities, the Gulf of California is decidedly Panamic in character. With the study of the Puritan collection now complete, the faunal affinity picture is not appreciably changed. As can be seen in table 1, the fauna is strongly Panamic, followed in decreasing order by representatives of the eastern Pacific (exclusive of the Panamic faunal province), the West Indies, and the Indo-Pacific. The study of the distributional pattern of the bryozoans of the Puritan collection within the Gulf of California reveals three areas, only slightly revised by additional material from the earlier study (Soule, 1960). As shown by the map (fig. 1), the southern one-third of the Gulf of California supports a bryozoan fauna that is distinctly tropical ... It is continuous with a region on the Pacific coast of Baja California ... In the Gulf of California, immediately north of the tropical area, is a central zone of transition ... On the Pacific coast of Baja California, there is a similar zone of transitional type ... In the Gulf of California, the remaining 300 linear miles north of the transitional zone possesses a fauna that can be referred to as subtropical ... A third zone is present on the Pacific coast of Baja California, which differs substantially from the northern area of the Gulf of California. Here, except for major embayments such as Scammon's Lagoon, is found a warm temperate fauna ... This zone extends from Point Eugenia northward above the political boundary between Baja California Norte and California, to meet the cool temperate waters at Point Conception, California"--P. 28-29.Item Results of the Puritan-American Museum of Natural History Expedition to Western Mexico. 6, Anascan Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) of the Gulf of California. American Museum novitates ; no. 1969(New York, N.Y. : American Museum of Natural History, 1959) Soule, John D.; Puritan-American Museum of Natural History Expedition to Western Mexico (1957)"Fifty-six species of Bryozoa Anasca have been identified in the present collection from the Gulf of California. Three are believed to be new species, and two are new subspecies. Twenty-one species are added to the faunal list of the area. Of the 51 previously described species identified in this collection, many of which are well known and widely distributed, it is interesting to note that 65 per cent have have a geographical distribution that includes both temperate and tropical waters throughout the world; 8 per cent were found only in cool and warm temperate waters; 8 per cent were found to be restricted to warm temperate waters; and 19 per cent are known to be confined to the tropical waters. Within the Gulf of California, none of the species with a worldwide distribution restricted to the tropics was found north of Pulpito Point, Baja California, with the majority ranging from Coronados Island southward to Mazatlán. The bathymetric range of the Bryozoa in the collection is from intertidal to a maximum deph of 50 fathoms, well within the confines of the littoral zone. Fifty-three species were represented in both the eulittoral and sublittoral subdivisions of the zone. Three were found solely within the sublittoral at a depth of from 40 to 50 fathoms. Sixteen species were recovered from depths that did not exceed 26 fathoms, restricting them to the eulittoral zone"--P. 50.