Browsing by Author "Ott, Ricardo."
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Item Basibulbus, a hard-bodied, haplogyne spider genus from Chile (Araneae, Dysderoidea). (American Museum novitates, no. 3775)(American Museum of Natural History., 2013-05-29) Ott, Ricardo.; Platnick, Norman I.; Berniker, Lily.; Bonaldo, Alexandre B.; Goblin Spider Planetary Biodiversity Inventory.A new genus, Basibulbus, is established to contain some seldom-collected, hard-bodied, haplogyne spiders from Chile. Because of their small size and the heavily scutate abdomen of males, these animals resemble gamasomorphine goblin spiders (Oonopidae), but differ in having a heavily sclerotized sperm duct within the male palp and a normal sperm opening in the epigastric furrow. Their tarsal organs lack both the longitudinal ridge and the serial dimorphism in raised receptor number that are considered synapomorphic for oonopids, but are elevated (albeit only at their proximal end), and the genus is therefore assigned to the Orsolobidae. Three new species are described: B. malleco (the type species) and B. concepcion from central Chile (regions VIII and IX), and B. granizo from further north (Region V). Only one other hard-bodied orsolobid genus has been described (Duripelta Forster from New Zealand); Basibulbus does not seem to be closely related to that genus, and represents another in the long list of relictual, phylogenetically significant, Chilean spider taxa. One of the possible synapomorphies of dysderoids, an oblique unsclerotized strip on the base of the anterior lateral spinnerets (which has been lost in higher gamasomorphines) has apparently been lost independently within Basibulbus. That character is present in B. granizo but absent in at least B. malleco.Item The Brazilian goblin spiders of the new genus Guaraguaoonops (Araneae, Oonopidae). (American Museum novitates, no. 3735)(American Museum of Natural History., 2012-02-29) Brescovit, Antonio D.; Rheims, Cristina A.; Bonaldo, Alexandre B.; Santos, Adalberto J.; Ott, Ricardo.A new endemic goblin spider genus Guaraguaoonops is erected to include two new soft-bodied oonopid species from Brazil: the type species, G. hemhem, distributed in the states of Maranhão, Piauí, and Ceará, and G. humbom, known only from Piauí. These spiders are unique among oonopids and easily diagnosed by the flattened carapace with a porrect clypeus, modified lateral setae on the carapace in both sexes, and male with a sinuous, flattened distal cheliceral projection and palp with ventral conical tegular projection. These species probably occupy a soil cryptic habit and are found in dry sand of "cerrado" areas in northeastern Brazil.Item The Brazilian goblin spiders of the new genus Predatoroonops (Araneae, Oonopidae). (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 370)(American Museum of Natural History., 2012-06-21) Brescovit, Antonio D.; Bonaldo, Alexandre B.; Santos, Adalberto J.; Ott, Ricardo.; Rheims, Cristina A.The new endemic goblin spider genus Predatoroonops is erected for 17 new soft-bodied oonopid species from Brazil: Predatoroonops schwarzeneggeri, sp. nov., is the type species of the genus, P. poncho, sp. nov., P. billy, sp. nov., P. valverde, sp. nov., P. blain, sp. nov., P. maceliot, sp. nov., P. anna, sp. nov., P. rickhawkins, sp. nov., P. dutch, sp. nov., P. dillon, sp. nov., P. vallarta, sp. nov., P. phillips, sp. nov., P. yautja, sp. nov., P. peterharlli, sp. nov., P. mctiernani, sp. nov., P. chicano, sp. nov., and P. olddemon, sp. nov. Males of this new genus are easily diagnosed and separated from other Oonopinae genera by the extremely modified male chelicerae that frontally have median furrows and accentuated projections. The females can be recognized by the genitalia, which have a conspicuous posterior receptaculum, usually exposed between the epigastric folds. An auxiliary character for both sexes could be the presence of very long pairs of ventral spines with pronounced bases on the legs I and II tibiae and metatarsi. The genus is considered endemic and the species are recorded mainly from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. An identification key is provided for all Predatoroonops species known to date.Item The goblin spider genus Brignolia (Araneae, Oonopidae). (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 349)(American Museum of Natural History., 2011) Platnick, Norman I.; Dupérré, N. (Nadine); Ott, Ricardo.; Kranz-Baltensperger, Yvonne.Males of the goblin spider genus Brignolia Dumitresco and Georgesco have palps that are heavily sclerotized, resembling those found in males of the genus Ischnothyreus Simon. Nevertheless, these palps have the dorsal depression ("fenestra") previously considered synapomorphic for the genus Opopaea Simon (plus its likely synonym Epectris Simon), and the female genitalia also correspond closely to those of Opopaea species, with the addition of a posterior tube. Brignolia males lack the inflated and subbasally connected palpal patella characteristic of Opopaea (plus Epectris), and Brignolia is therefore hypothesized to represent the sister group of those taxa. The generic names Lisna Saaristo and Aridella Saaristo, each based on a single species from the Seychelle Islands, are newly synonymized with Brignolia. The type species, B. cubana Dumitresco and Georgesco, has attained a pantropical distribution, and has at least three earlier names; Xestaspis parumpunctata Simon from Sierra Leone, Gamasomorpha perplexa Bryant from the Virgin Islands, and B. recondita (Chickering) from Panama are each placed as senior synonyms of B. cubana. Opopaea ambigua Simon, from Sri Lanka, is transferred to Brignolia. A total of 26 new species are described. Two are from the New World (B. dasysterna from Florida, and B. cobre from Florida and the West Indies), but most are from southern Asia and the Indopacific region: B. sinharaja and B. ratnapura from Sri Lanka, B. rothorum, B. cardamom, B. kumily, B. valparai, B. kaikatty, B. nilgiri, B. kodaik, B. jog, and B. karnataka from southern India, B. bengal, B. sukna, B. assam, and B. ankhu from northern India and Nepal, B. mapha, B. suthep, B. diablo, and B. chumphae from Thailand, B. schwendingeri from Vietnam, B. palawan from the Philippines, and B. gading, B. elongata, and B. kapit from Borneo.Item The goblin spider genus Pelicinus (Araneae, Oonopidae). Part 1. (American Museum novitates, no. 3741)(2012-04-23) Platnick, Norman I.; Dupérré, N. (Nadine); Ott, Ricardo.; Baehr, Barbara, 1953-; Kranz-Baltensperger, Yvonne.Although Pelicinus Simon and its type species P. marmoratus Simon were initially described from Saint Vincent in the Lesser Antilles, we hypothesize that Pelicinus is primarily an Old World genus, occurring natively in both southern Asia and Australasia. The type species has attained an anomalously pantropical distribution, and has been described at least eight times, in at least seven different genera; all those synonyms were based on island populations. Myrmopopaea jacobsoni Reimoser from Sumatra, Gamasomorpha minima Berland from the Phoenix Islands, Triaeris pusillus (Bryant) from the Virgin Islands, Scaphiella ula Suman from Hawaii, and P. mahei (Benoit) from the Seychelles are newly synonymized with P. marmoratus, and the species is newly recorded from the Bahama Islands, Brazil, Kenya, and the Marshall Islands. Myrmopopaea Reimoser and Harryoonops Makhan and Ezzatpanah are placed as junior synonyms of Pelicinus. The bulk of the species-level diversity of Pelicinus occurs in Australia. Here we treat only those members of the genus that occur outside that continent; 16 new species are described from Iran (P. sengleti), India (P. lachivala, P. madurai), Thailand (P. deelemanae, P. schwendingeri, P. sayam, P. khao), Laos (P. tham), Vietnam (P. duong), Malaysia (P. penang, P. johor), the Solomon Islands (P. churchillae), Fiji (P. raveni), and New Caledonia (P. monteithi, P. damieu, P. koghis).Item High resolution images for Simlops, a new genus of goblin spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae) from northern South America. (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 388)(2014-05-15) Bonaldo, Alexandre B.; Ruiz, Gustavo R. S.; Brescovit, Antonio D.; Santos, Adalberto J.; Ott, Ricardo.; Goblin Spider Planetary Biodiversity InventoryHigh resolution images for Simlops, a new genus of goblin spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae) from northern South America. (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 388). Bulletin no. 388 can be accessed at this link: http://hdl.handle.net/2246/6527Item A revision of the neotropical goblin spider genus Neoxyphinus Birabén, 1953 (Araneae, Oonopidae). (American Museum novitates, no. 3743)(American Museum of Natural History., 2012-05-16) Abrahim, Naiara.; Brescovit, Antonio D.; Rheims, Cristina A.; Santos, Adalberto J.; Ott, Ricardo.; Bonaldo, Alexandre B.; Goblin Spider Planetary Biodiversity Inventory.The Neotropical spider genus Neoxyphinus Birabén, 1953, is revised, comprising 10 species found from the West Indies to northern Argentina. The genus is characterized by a unique combination of characters, which include the presence of a set of low tubercles or large spikes on the posterior surface of carapace; male endites with an apical, retrolateral excavation bearing a subapical toothlike apophysis; palpal bulb strongly inflated; embolus compact, S-shaped, with large, round ejaculatory opening; epigynal atrium large, with angular lateral corners. The large, round ejaculatory duct may be a synapomorphy of the genus. The genus Hawkeswoodoonops Makhan and Ezzatpanah, 2011, is synonymized with Neoxyphinus and the two species included in that genus are considered as nomina dubia. The monotypic genus Decuana Dumitrescu and Georgescu, 1987, is also synonymized with Neoxyphinus and its type species, D. hispida Dumitrescu and Georgescu, 1987, is transferred to the genus and redescribed. Confirming a hypothesis raised in the literature, Dysderina termitophila Bristowe, 1938, is transferred to Neoxyphinus and recognized as the senior synonym of the type species N. ogloblini Birabén, 1953. Two other species are transferred from Dysderina to Neoxyphinus: D. keyserlingi Simon, 1907, here recognized as the senior synonym of D. rugosa Bristowe, 1938, and D. furtiva Chickering, 1968, of which the male is described for the first time. In addition to the redescription of N. termitophilus, n. comb., N. hispidus, n. comb., N. xyphinoides (Chamberlin and Ivie, 1942), N. keyserlingi, n. comb., and N. furtivus, n. comb., five new species are described: N. petrogoblin Abrahim and Ott, from the Amazon basin in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru; N. gregoblin Abrahim and Santos, from Venezuela; N. axe Abrahim and Brescovit, from Bahia, Brazil; N. boibumba Abrahim and Rheims, from Pará, Brazil; and N. barreirosi Abrahim and Bonaldo, from Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, and Venezuela. With the exception of N. boibumba, known only from males, all new species are described from both sexes.Item Sicariomorpha, a new myrmecophilous goblin spider genus (Araneae, Oonopidae) associated with Asian army ants. (American Museum novitates, no. 3843)(American Museum of Natural History., 2015-11-23) Ott, Ricardo.; Von Beeren, Christoph.; Hashim, Rosli.; Witte, Volker (Biologist); Harvey, Mark S.A new genus of oonopid spider, Sicariomorpha Ott and Harvey, is named for the type and only known species, Gamasomorpha maschwitzi Wunderlich from Malaysia. The most striking feature of the spider is the eyes, which are arranged in two widely separated triads. Besides taxonomic description, we summarize the biology of Sicarimorpha maschwitzi, which is a kleptoparasite of the Southeast Asian army ant Leptogenys distinguenda (Emery) and one among only few well-studied myrmecophilous spiders. Its morphology, behavior and life history seem to be well adapted for the life with its predatory army ant host.Item Simlops, a new genus of goblin spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae) from northern South America. (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 388)(American Museum of Natural History., 2014-05-14) Bonaldo, Alexandre B.; Ruiz, Gustavo R. S.; Brescovit, Antonio D.; Santos, Adalberto J.; Ott, Ricardo.; Goblin Spider Planetary Biodiversity Inventory.A new genus of goblin spiders, Simlops, is proposed for 15 species found in Brazilian and Colombian Amazonia and southern Caribbean (Venezuela and Guyana). The new genus belongs to the Scaphiella complex, a group of Neotropical genera that share a sexually dimorphic condition in which the abdominal dorsal scutum is present in males but absent in females. Simlops is hypothesized to be a monophyletic group united by a unique conformation of the male endites, which present three apical portions, a prolateral, curved process, with laminar apices, a retrolateral process and a median, more dorsal, unsclerotized portion. The species Triaeris bodanus Chickering, 1968, is transferred to Simlops and the female of this species is described for the first time. The remaining 14 species are newly described: S. bandeirante Ott, S. cristinae Santos, S. campinarana Brescovit, S. jamesbondi Bonaldo, S. juruti Bonaldo, S. machadoi Ott, S. miudo Ruiz, S. nadinae Ruiz, S. pennai Bonaldo (type species), S. platnicki Bonaldo, and S. similis Ott, all from Brazilian Amazonia; S. cachorro Ruiz from Colombian Amazonia; S. guatopo Brescovit from Venezuela; and S. guyanensis Santos from Guyana.Item Tarsal organ morphology and the phylogeny of goblin spiders (Araneae, Oonopidae), with notes on basal genera. (American Museum novitates, no. 3736)(American Museum of Natural History., 2012-02-29) Platnick, Norman I.; Abrahim, Naiara.; Alvarez-Padilla, Fernando.; Andriamalala, Daniela.; Baehr, Barbara, 1953-; Baert, L.; Bonaldo, Alexandre B.; Brescovit, Antonio D.; Chousou-Polydouri, Natalia.; Dupérré, N. (Nadine); Eichenberger, Beata.; Fannes, Wouter.; Gaublomme, Eva.; Gillespie, Rosemary G., 1957-; Grismado, Cristian J.; Griswold, Charles E.; Harvey, Mark S.; Henrard, Arnaud.; Hormiga, Gustavo.; Izquierdo, Matías A.; Jocqué, R.; Kranz-Baltensperger, Yvonne.; Kropf, Christian.; Ott, Ricardo.; Ramírez, Martín J.; Raven, Robert J.; Rheims, Cristina A.; Ruiz, Gustavo R. S.; Santos, Adalberto J.; Saucedo, Alma D.; Sierwald, Petra.; Szűts, Tamás.; Ubick, Darrell.; Wang, Xin-Ping.Based on a survey of a wide variety of oonopid genera and outgroups, we hypothesize new synapomorphies uniting the Oonopidae (minus the South African genus Calculus Purcell, which is transferred to the Orsolobidae). The groundplan of the tarsal organ in Oonopidae is hypothesized to be an exposed organ with a distinctive, longitudinal ridge originating from the proximal end of the organ, and a serially dimorphic pattern of 4-4-3-3 raised receptors on legs I-IV, respectively. Such organs typify the diverse, basal, and ancient genus Orchestina Simon. Several other genera whose members resemble Orchestina in retaining two plesiomorphic features (an H-shaped, transverse eye arrangement and a heavily sclerotized, thick-walled sperm duct within the male palp) are united by having tarsal organs that are partly (in the case of Cortestina Knoflach) or fully capsulate (in the case of Sulsula Simon, Xiombarg Brignoli, and Unicorn Platnick and Brescovit). The remaining oonopids are united by the loss of the heavily sclerotized palpal sperm duct, presumably reflecting a significant transformation in palpal mechanics. Within that large assemblage, a 4-4-3-3 tarsal organ receptor pattern and an H-shaped eye arrangement seem to be retained only in the New Zealand genus Kapitia Forster; the remaining genera are apparently united by a reduction in the tarsal organ pattern to 3-3-2-2 raised receptors on legs I-IV and by the acquisition of a clumped eye arrangement. Three subfamilies of oonopids are recognized: Orchestininae Chamberlin and Ivie (containing only Orchestina; Ferchestina Saaristo and Marusik is placed as a junior synonym of Orchestina), Sulsulinae, new subfamily (containing Sulsula, Xiombarg, Unicorn, and Cortestina), and Oonopinae Simon (containing all the remaining genera, including those previously placed in the Gamasomorphinae). The type species of Sulsula and Kapitia, S. pauper (O. P.-Cambridge) and K. obscura Forster, are redescribed, and the female of S. pauper is described for the first time. A new sulsuline genus, Dalmasula, is established for Sulsula parvimana Simon and four new species from Namibia and South Africa.