Browsing by Author "Kamel, Soliman M."
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Item Hospicidal behavior of the cleptoparasitic bee Coelioxys (Allocoelioxys) coturnix, including descriptions of its larval instars (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). American Museum novitates, no. 3636.(New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History., 2008) Rozen, Jerome G., Jr. (Jerome George), 1928-; Kamel, Soliman M.In an attempt to determine whether Coelioxys and Radoszkowskiana, both cleptoparasitic members of the Megachilini, had a common cleptoparasitic ancestor, an investigation of the nesting biology and immature stages of C. (Allocoelioxys) coturnix Pérez was undertaken in Egypt. The purpose was to compare these aspects of this species with the results of a recent study of R. rufiventris (Spinola) and certain other species of Coelioxys (Rozen and Kamel, 2007). The egg of C. coturnix is deposited on the egg of Megachile minutissima Radoszkowski after the host female departs to collect cell-closure material. On hatching, the first instar, still surrounded by egg chorion, bites the developing host egg and consumes the entire egg content before feeding upon the host provisions. This behavior contrasts with certain other species of Coelioxys, whose eggs are hidden in the host cell while it is being provisioned and third instars normally kill the young host larvae. Because the behavior of C. coturnix closely mirrors that of R. rufiventris, the authors conclude that two modes of cleptoparasitism have developed in Coelioxys and that Coelioxys and Radoszkowskiana possibly had a common cleptoparasitic ancestor. The five larval instars of C. coturnix are described and compared with those of other Coelioxys species, and its first instar is compared with that of R. rufiventris.Item Hospicidal behavior of the cleptoparasitic wasp Sapyga luteomaculata and investigation into ontogenetic changes in its larval anatomy (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea, Sapygidae). (American Museum novitates, no. 3644)(2009) Rozen, Jerome G., Jr. (Jerome George), 1928-; Kamel, Soliman M.This study describes the nesting biology of the Egyptian cleptoparasitic wasp Sapyga luteomaculata Pic, which attacks the nests of two species of bees, Osmia submicans Morawitz and Megachile minutissima Radoszkowski, both belonging to the Megachilidae. We include descriptions of the egg/mature oocyte and of the first and last larval instars. We also identify the anatomical changes in the larva that take place as it transforms through intermediate instars from a host-killing first instar to a form adapted to feeding on the stored provisions supplied by the host. Biological subjects treated are egg deposition, ovariole statistics, eclosion, larval behavior including cocoon construction and defecation, and competition with other cleptoparasites. Comparisons are made throughout with accounts of other Sapyginae. Many biological and larval anatomical similarities between Sapyga and cleptoparasitic bees are recognized, and only a few possible cleptoparasitic novelties are identified.Item Investigations on the biologies and immature stages of the cleptoparasitic bee genera Radoszkowskiana and Coelioxys and their Megachile hosts (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae, Megachilini) ; American Museum novitates, no. 3573(New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History, 2007) Rozen, Jerome G., Jr. (Jerome George), 1928-; Kamel, Soliman M.We describe for the first time the biology and immature stages (egg, mature larva, and pupa) of the cleptoparasitic bee Radoszkowskiana rufiventris (Spinola) based on fieldwork in Egypt over a 2-year period. The biological information includes egg deposition and hatching, developmental rates, method of killing the host immature, larval feeding, larval defecation, cocoon spinning, and voltinism. We also describe the immature stages and some aspects of the biology of the following: (1) Megachile (Pseudomegachile) nigripes (Spinola), the host of R. rufiventris; (2) Coelioxys (Liothyrapis) decipiens Spinola, another cleptoparasite of M. nigripes; and (3) C. (Allocoelioxys) coturnix Pérez, which attacks the nests of M. (Eutricharaea) minutissima Radoszkowski from the same geographic region. On the basis of the information gained from this study and from a review of pertinent literature, we consider whether Radoszkowskiana and Coelioxys shared a common cleptoparasitic ancestor or whether cleptoparasitism evolved independently in each.Item Larval diversity in the bee genus Megachile (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae). (American Museum novitates, no. 3863)(American Museum of Natural History., 2016-09-23) Rozen, Jerome G., Jr. (Jerome George), 1928-; Ascher, John S.; Kamel, Soliman M.; Mohamed, Kariman M.Mature larvae of five species representing each of the three principal groups within the genus Megachile sensu lato (i.e., including Creightonella and Chalicodoma, which are often recognized at generic rank) are described and are revealed to be quite similar to one another. On the basis of their descriptions a larval description of the genus is formulated. This, in turn, is compared with and found quite similar to a previously published Preliminary description of mature larvae of the Megachilini based on study of larval representatives of the three genera in the tribe: Megachile, all species of which are pollen-collecting, and Coelioxys and Radoszkowskiana, both of which are cleptoparasitic, usually with Megachile hosts.Item Last larval instar and mature oocytes of the Old World cleptoparasitic bee Stelis murina, including a review of Stelis biology (Apoidea, Megachilidae, Megachilinae, Anthidiini). (American Museum novitates, no. 3666)(New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History., 2009) Rozen, Jerome G., Jr. (Jerome George), 1928-; Kamel, Soliman M.Herein we describe the mature oocyte and last larval instar of Stelis (Stelis) murina Pérez, a cleptoparasite associated with Osmia (Pyrosmia) submicans Morawitz near Ismailia, Egypt. The mature oocyte is compared with that of Stelis (Stelis) elongativentris Parker and found to be approximately equal in size. The mature oocyte of S. murina is also very close in size to that of its host, an unusual phenomenon in host-cleptoparasite relationships in bees. A review and analysis based on literature accounts of what is known about the mode of cleptoparasitism of Stelis is offered. Added are observations on the biology of Stelis murina resulting from our fieldwork. The mature larva of Stelis murina is described and found similar but not identical to those of other known Stelis larvae. We also include a preliminary key to the genera of cleptoparasitic megachilids based on known mature larvae and also a summary describing the modes of cleptoparasitism by these taxa.