Browsing by Author "Goodman, Steven M."
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Item A new species of Emballonura (Chiroptera, Emballonuridae) from the dry regions of Madagascar ; American Museum novitates, no. 3538(New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History, 2006) Goodman, Steven M.; Cardiff, Scott G.; Ranivo, Julie.; Russell, Amy L. (Amy Louise); Yoder, Anne D.We describe a new species of bat in the genus Emballonura (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae), E. tiavato, from the dry forest regions of Madagascar. This species is distinguished from the only other member of this genus found on the island, E. atrata, and extralimital species based on a variety of external and cranial characteristics. Details of the distribution, phylogeny, and natural history of the two species of Malagasy Emballonura are presented.Item A new species of the Eliurus majori complex (Rodentia, Muroidea, Nesomyidae) from south-central Madagascar, with remarks on emergent species groupings in the genus Eliurus ; American Museum novitates, no. 3547(New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History, 2007) Carleton, Michael D.; Goodman, Steven M.A new species of Eliurus, E. danieli (Nesomyidae: Nesomyinae), is described from the Parc National de l'Isalo in south-central Madagascar. Although geographically intermediate to eastern and western forms, diagnostic traits convincingly relate the new species to E. majori and E. penicillatus, forms distributed primarily in eastern humid forest; it is morphometrically most similar to E. penicillatus. In view of the increase in number of Eliurus species (11 now described), discussion is devoted to emerging species associations (5 are identified) and to taxonomic and distributional problems introduced by the accumulation of larger series and new localities over the past decade.Item A review of the Eliurus tanala complex (Rodentia, Muroidea, Nesomyidae), with description of a new species from dry forests of western Madagascar. (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, no. 430)(American Museum of Natural History., 2019-05-08) Jansa, Sharon A.; Carleton, Michael D.; Soarimalala, Voahangy.; Rakotomalala, Zafimahery.; Goodman, Steven M.Based on 372 specimens examined, we integrated information from two mitochondrial and four nuclear gene sequences, morphological comparisons and morphometric analyses, as well as distributional patterns and ecological occurrences to revise the Eliurus tanala species group (Nesomyinae), a rodent complex endemic to Madagascar’s forests. These evidentiary sources generally proved concordant, supporting description of a new species, E. tsingimbato, indigenous to western dry deciduous forest, mostly associated with limestone karst (tsingy); the two other members of this species group, E. ellermani and E. tanala, are restricted to eastern montane humid forest. Phylogenetic relationships among the three species were poorly resolved, suggesting that their speciation was both recent and rapid. We encountered one instance of conflict between mitochondrial DNA and all other data sources, which we interpret as incomplete lineage sorting involving a population of the new western species. Attention was focused on molecular and morphometric discrimination of the E. tanala and E. antsingy groups where their species distributions overlap in limestone-associated forests of western and northern Madagascar. Phyletic divisions demonstrated within the E. tanala species group are discussed apropos of current models of speciation identified for Malagasy forest-dwelling organisms.Item The use of molecular phylogenetic and morphological tools to identify cryptic and paraphyletic species : examples from the diminutive long-fingered bats (Chiroptera, Miniopteridae, Miniopterus) on Madagascar. (American Museum novitates, no. 3669)(New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History., 2009) Goodman, Steven M.; Maminirina, Claudette P.; Bradman, Helen M.; Christidis, Les.; Appleton, Belinda.Based on nearly complete (1125 bp) cytochrome-b sequence data and morphological characters, two new endemic species of Miniopterus are described from Madagascar that were previously identified as M. manavi. Using phylogenetic analysis, the basal nodes of major lineages in the Malagasy members of this genus are weakly supported, while, in most cases, the branches leading to each of the clades are well resolved. Miniopterus mahafaliensis, new species, occurs in the southwestern semidesert areas and M. brachytragos, new species, has a broad distribution across the northern half of the island, ranging across several different biomes. Phylogenetic inference indicates that these two new taxa are not closely related to M. manavi sensu stricto, with average genetic distances of 9.2% and 5.7% from this taxon, respectively. On the basis of this and previous revisions, the former M. manavi complex is now recognized to represent at least five taxa, which do not form a monophyletic group with respect to one another, and represent extraordinary examples of convergent evolution. Miniopterus brachytragos is closely related to the recently named M. aelleni, while M. mahafaliensis is not closely associated with any of these species. Molecular phylogenetic analysis was imperative to resolve the species limits of these taxa and morphology then provided the means to corroborate the recovered clades. There are localities on the island, specifically limestone karstic zones, where four species of the former M. manavi sensu lato complex occur in strict sympatry. These species often use the same day-roost caves and have similar external and craniodental measurements. This raises intriguing questions as to how these animals divide their worlds with regard to dietary regimes and foraging strategies, as well as their speciation history.